The open abdomen: why and when should the abdomen be left open? (Part 1 of 3)

Abstract

Intra-abdominal hypertension, abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) and poly-compartment syndrome are serious clinical problems. The key is early recognition of at risk patients so that preventative measures may be implemented. The concepts of controlled fluid resuscitation, surveillance and prophylactic operative decompression with temporary abdominal closure (TAC) are central to prevention of the events leading to multiple organ dysfunction. Where ACS develops, therapeutic operative decompression and TAC is the management of choice.