Influence of tibial plateau angle in cranial cruciate ligament-deficient stifle on patellar ligament strain : an ex vivo study

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Authors

Bester, Elizabeth G.
Zeiler, Gareth Edward
Stoltz, George G.
Oberholster, Abraham Johannes (Abrie)
Kitshoff, Adriaan Mynhardt

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American Veterinary Medical Association

Abstract

OBJECTIVE : The aim was to investigate the patellar ligament strain with varying degrees of tibial plateau angles (TPAs) after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) in a cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL)-deficient stifle during the stance phase. METHODS : 12 pelvic cadaver limbs were secured to a custom-built jig to mimic a loadbearing stance after which an axial load of 120 N was applied. Patellar ligament strain, change in strain, and percent change in strain were calculated on pre-TPLO (intact and transected CrCL) and post-TPLO tibial TPAs of −5°, 0°, 5°, 10°, and 15°. Strain was measured using a 3-D digital image correlation to calculate Green-Lagrange strain (E33). Data were compared using a linear mixed model and applying the Dunnett method of multiple comparisons (control was pre-TPLO intact CrCL). RESULTS : The post-TPLO TPAs of 0° and 5° increased in patellar strain compared to pre-TPLO intact CrCL constructs, whereas no significant changes were seen at a TPA of −5°, 10°, and 15°. Significant changes in patellar ligament strain were noted at a TPA of 0° and 5°. The percent change in strain differed at −5°, 0°, and 5° TPAs. The median magnitude of percent change in strain was 35.1%, 37.0%, 79.0%, −7.1%, and −21.1% for −5°, 0°, 5°, 10°, and 15°, respectively. CONCLUSIONS : Significant increases in patellar ligament strain (CrCL-deficient stifle) during the stance phase were observed at TPAs of 0° and 5°. CLINICAL RELEVANCE : A TPA post-TPLO > 5° and < 15° is less likely to cause an increase in patellar ligament strain; however, further research is needed to investigate the clinical relevance of these findings.

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Keywords

Tibial plateau angles (TPAs), Tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO), Cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL), Patellar ligament desmitis, Cranial cruciate ligament rupture, Patellar ligament strain, Digital image correlation, SDG-03: Good health and well-being, SDG-03: Good health and well-being, SDG-09: Industry, innovation and infrastructure

Sustainable Development Goals

SDG-03:Good heatlh and well-being
SDG-09: Industry, innovation and infrastructure

Citation

Bester, E.G., Zeiler, G.E., Stoltz, G.G. et al. 2025, 'Influence of tibial plateau angle in cranial cruciate ligament-deficient stifle on patellar ligament strain : an ex vivo study', American Journal of Veterinary Research, vol. 86, no. 2, art. 245, pp. 1-10, doi : 10.2460/ajvr.24.08.0245.