The potential of the Great Blue Wall Initiative to achieve human security in the Western Indian ocean region.

Abstract

Maritime securitisation is increasingly receiving scholarly attention, particularly regarding its role in protecting national interests and it is therefore being linked to geopolitical and developmental discussions. However, there is a noticeable trend of maritime security being focused on traditional security conceptions which neglect human security concerns.

This study examines the capacity of the Great Blue Wall (GBW) initiative to attain human security in the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) region through the development of a human security framework centred around the ocean and focused on five dimensions of human security: Environmental Security, Food Security, Economic Security, Health Security and Political Security. The study uses this approach to evaluate the GBW's ability to enhance human security in the WIO. The results suggest that the GBW, through its three-pronged objectives of climate action, biodiversity restoration and promotion of a blue economy has great potential to attain human security by tackling the complex obstacles encountered by coastal communities. Nevertheless, it is crucial to acknowledge that the GBW is not a panacea and its benefits might be compromised by evolving geopolitical factors. Hence, it is imperative to supplement the GBW with additional regional initiatives to enhance maritime safety and mitigate pollution in the WIO. The Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) and the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) have the potential to significantly contribute to the support and enhancement of the GBW's aims. By adopting a comprehensive and cooperative strategy, the WIO region may strive to attain sustained human security and protect the welfare of its coastal populations. These regional initiatives can help address the specific challenges faced by the WIO region, such as illegal fishing, piracy, and oil spills. By collaborating with IORA and IMO, the WIO countries can benefit from capacity sharing, additional resources, and regional coordinated efforts to ensure that effective maritime safety and security measures are in place. Additionally, these initiatives can also promote sustainable development and economic growth in the region by facilitating trade and promoting responsible maritime practices