Distribution network time-based framework for PV DG and BESSs sizing and integration

Abstract

Traditional distribution network designs are based on single-value (static) yearly maximum demands, and do not consider the time-based nature of load-side DR (PV DG and/or BESS) installations. The increasing presence of high-penetration, private-sector driven renewable generation and energy storage systems installed within internal networks necessitates quasi-dynamic analysis to modernise and advance network design procedures. Distribution network design parameters affected by the capacity, capability, load-to-generation balancing, and power management of high-penetration load-side/private integrated PV DG and BESSs must be re-evaluated for optimal combined DR system sizing and shared external network integration acceptability. These initial performance parameters were analysed within the two distinctive distribution network load profile forms in a quasi-dynamic sizing and impact study. Other variables include TOU tariff structures, load diversity, demands, load factors, PV DG and BESS parameters, the combined DR system power control, voltage profiles, utilisation factors, reactive power requirements, and fault levels. By identifying operational parameters for PV DG and BESSs, a symbiotic approach to DR utilisation through power control is defined for a permanently reduced load-side maximum demand with lowering peak tariff period demands; benefiting both end-users and shared external networks. This is achieved by limiting bi-directional power flows within the private/internal network and maximising the overall DR system's capability, utilisation, and operational synergy as governed by hierarchical control adapting to a varying load profile. The time-based analysis, integration methodology, quasi-dynamic DR penetration limits, and the developed power flow control algorithm provide planners and developers a baseline for including DR integration impacts within service agreements. The approach also offers an alternative strategy for securing development approvals within remote or overloaded networks that would otherwise have been rejected. HIGHLIGHTS • Modernises distribution network design procedures through quasi-dynamic analysis • Provides a guideline for optimal PV DG and BESS sizing and hierarchical operation • Develops a synergetic TOU power algorithm to combine and enhance DR capabilities • Reduces network demands with a simplified PV DG, BESS, and control methodology • Assesses the impacts of DR penetration on quasi-dynamic network parameters