20th Annual South African Transport Conference 2001
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Item Urban transport priorities: meeting the challenge of socio-economic diversity in cities: case study Delhi, India(SATC, 2001-07) Tiwari, GeetamPaper presented at the 20th Annual South African Transport Conference 16 - 20 July 2001 "Meeting the transport challenges in Southern Africa", CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa.Item Sustainable livelihoods, mobilty and access needs in urban and peri-urban areas(SATC, 2001-07) Maunder, D.; Davis, A.; Bryceson, D.; Howe, J.; Mbara, T.C.; Onweng, T.Paper presented at the 20th Annual South African Transport Conference 16 - 20 July 2001 "Meeting the transport challenges in Southern Africa", CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa.Item Crime and crime prevention on public transport ; reducing crime on public transport in South Africa: appropriateness of crime prevention strategies(SATC, 2001-07) Page, OliverPaper presented at the 20th Annual South African Transport Conference 16 - 20 July 2001 "Meeting the transport challenges in Southern Africa", CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa.Item Public transportation, social frustrations and urban voilence : the French experience(SATC, 2001-07) Begag, AzouzPaper presented at the 20th Annual South African Transport Conference 16 - 20 July 2001 "Meeting the transport challenges in Southern Africa", CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa.Item Possible impacts of the National Land Transport Transition Act on the South African urban poor(SATC, 2001-07) Stanway, R.A.Paper presented at the 20th Annual South African Transport Conference 16 - 20 July 2001 "Meeting the transport challenges in Southern Africa", CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa.Item Towards a general theory of corridor development in South Africa(SATC, 2001-07) Marrian, BrianPaper presented at the 20th Annual South African Transport Conference 16 - 20 July 2001 "Meeting the transport challenges in Southern Africa", CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa.Item A model for South African urban development in the 21st century ?(SATC, 2001-07) Donaldson, RonniePaper presented at the 20th Annual South African Transport Conference 16 - 20 July 2001 "Meeting the transport challenges in Southern Africa", CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa.Item The role of transport in the rise and decline of the Johannesburg CBD, 1886-2001(SATC, 2001-07) Beavon, K.S.O.Paper presented at the 20th Annual South African Transport Conference 16 - 20 July 2001 "Meeting the transport challenges in Southern Africa", CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa.Item City of Tshwane : development challenges(SATC, 2001-07) Cameron, J.W.M.; Krynauw, M.N.Paper presented at the 20th Annual South African Transport Conference 16 - 20 July 2001 "Meeting the transport challenges in Southern Africa", CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa. ABSTRACT: This document was prepared as background information for newly elected Councillors of the City of Tshwane, to highlight the development challenges that they will face in the coming five years. It has been modified slightly for the CODATU SEMINAR ON THE SOCIAL ASPECTS OF TRANSPORT but remains a presentation, rather than a paper. To this end, its focus is on illustrations of the spatial development of the city. The text is written in plain language and is deliberately non-technical. A sub-theme for the presentation could well be, “City of Tshwane: A Tale of Two Cities ”. This is because there is a stark contrast between the southern half of the city, which is populated by people who are relatively affluent, and the north, in which most of the residents are disadvantaged. The contrast shows up in voting patterns, incomes, demographics and the transport and travel characteristics of the population. Most South African cities have similar characteristics but the development challenges in Tshwane are more extreme, owing to long commuting distances. Metropolitan Tshwane extends across the borders of Gauteng into North West Province. Until there is commitment to the full devolution of powers and functions to municipal government, the fragmentation of roles and responsibilities between, national, provincial and local government will challenge the ability of municipal government to deliver services. This applies particularly to transport. In the paper, reference is made to the relatively uncoordinated plans and actions of the South African National Road Agency (SANRA), the South African Rail Commuter Corporation (SARCC,)provincial transport departments (roads and public transport)and municipal transport departments. All these agencies serve different masters and have their own, often conflicting, objectives and agendas. At the heart of development and service delivery problems is the challenge associated with the assignment of fiscal powers, political accountability for the execution of functions within those powers and the political will to make decisions that will be socially just, sustainable and cost-effective. Apart from institutional and financial problems, the main challenge to politicians will be to approve Integrated Development Plans that are realistic and practical, yet acceptable to the voting public. Even in the medium-term, it will not be acceptable to prioritise development and services delivery,largely in favour of the disadvantaged, at the cost of ratepayers. On the other hand, developer-led decentralisation is not sustainable and should not be encouraged, even if developers are willing to pay a premium for development and services. As is demonstrated in the presentation, decentralisation in Tshwane has already severely damaged the public transport system.Item Poverty and urban transport, learnings from African countries(SATC, 2001-07) Godard, XavierPaper presented at the 20th Annual South African Transport Conference 16 - 20 July 2001 "Meeting the transport challenges in Southern Africa", CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa.Item Addressing the social aspects of urban transport through a more effective funding strategy in South Africa(SATC, 2001-07) Patel, H.; Freeman, P.N.W.; Mitchell, M.F. (Malcolm F.)Paper presented at the 20th Annual South African Transport Conference 16 - 20 July 2001 "Meeting the transport challenges in Southern Africa", CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa.Item An example of public transport modelling with EMME/2(SATC, 2001-07) Nijhout, P.; Wood, R.; Moodley, L.Paper presented at the 20th Annual South African Transport Conference 16 - 20 July 2001 "Meeting the transport challenges in Southern Africa", CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa.Item Latest trends in micro simulation : an application of the PARAMICS model(SATC, 2001-07) Krogscheepers, Christoff; Kacir, KentPaper presented at the 20th Annual South African Transport Conference 16 - 20 July 2001 "Meeting the transport challenges in Southern Africa", CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa. ABSTRACT: Transportation systems have become more complex and frequently congested.As a result, microscopic simulation has gained recognition as an effective way for quantifying traffic operations. Microscopic simulation models can address various types of network issues, and in more recent developments they also provide a tool for evaluating Advanced Traffic Management Systems (ATMS),Travel Demand Management (TDM),Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)and Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS).With the constant increase in desktop computing power, the use of microscopic simulation models to model real applications are becoming more widespread. A variety of microscopic simulation models are currently available from academic and commercial sources, and new models are continually being developed. This paper presents a brief overview of available microscopic simulation models, a description of different simulation techniques and modelling approaches with examples and specific references to the PARAMICS model. The authors of this paper have recent detailed experience in working with the PARAMICS model and see the need to expose the traffic engineering community within South Africa to what is sometimes called the “new generation ”of simulation models. The PARAMICS model is a suite of software tools for microscopic simulation that includes time-step traffic simulation of freeway, surface street and dense network operations. This paper presents several real-world examples of the application of PARAMICS to illustrate the advantages and disadvantages of micro-simulation.Item Traffic modelling of urban toll corridors : a review of current South African practice, as applied within the Johannesburg Pretoria toll corridor(SATC, 2001-07) Oberholzer, J. de V.; Van Zyl, N.J.W.; Andersen, S.J.; Skrbinsek, D.; Burnett, S.L.Paper presented at the 20th Annual South African Transport Conference 16 - 20 July 2001 "Meeting the transport challenges in Southern Africa", CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa. ABSTRACT: This paper examines the evolution of traffic modelling techniques in congested urban networks, with specific reference to the recently completed development Gautrans Provincial Toll Study. It presents illustrative techniques in the following areas: •The use of matrix estimation techniques within a framework of comprehensive traffic counts, roadside interviews and other origin-destination information. •The role of stated and revealed preference studies to establish acceptable monetary values of time whereby toll tariffs can be incorporated into driver route choice. •Stochastic user equilibrium traffic assignment techniques, which address variations in driver perceptions in travel costs, under congested and free-flow conditions. •Model calibrations to meet external audit requirements. •The application of micro-simulation models to supplement operational analyses of toll plazas,interchanges and critical intersections. The presentation focuses on the broader principles of urban toll modelling by clarifying the conceptual approach, as opposed to in-depth technical analyses.Item Innovative techniques used in traffic impact assessments of developments in congested networks(SATC, 2001-06) Frieslaar, Andre; Jones, JohnPaper presented at the 20th Annual South African Transport Conference 16 - 20 July 2001 "Meeting the transport challenges in Southern Africa", CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa. ABSTRACT: For uncongested networks, peak hour trip generation rates are used to generate traffic for a development based on the land use budget. The assumption is made that the trips will be able to move to and from the site during the peak hour, and hence the generated trips are superimposed on the existing peak hour traffic flows, to produce the post development(future) flows. These future flows can be analysed and the impact of the development determined. However, in congested networks, the current peak hour demand for travel on certain routes within the network, cannot be satisfied. Capacity constraints (bottlenecks)on these routes restrict (meter)flows along these routes. Under these conditions, normal trip generation and superimposition of generated trips onto the existing flows, is unrealistic. In order to produce realistic future traffic scenarios for analysis purposes it was necessary to develop a method of unconstraining (releasing)the existing traffic flows on the network, by theoretically unlocking the existing bottlenecks in the network. Once unlocked, the development traffic (generated new trips)could be superimposed on the existing unconstrained flows. These future flows could be re-constrained to produce the realistic future traffic flow scenarios, based on predicted future bottleneck capacities. The analysis of congested networks required innovation in the methods of data survey and interpretation. The paper focusses on the innovative method used to unconstrain and then re-constrain network traffic flows, for the purposes of measuring the traffic impact of developments in congested road networks.Item Integrated development : are we getting it right ? The Platinum Toll Highway within the Tshwane Metropolitan Municipal area as case study(SATC, 2001-07) Krynauw, M.N.; Southern African Transport Conference (20th : 2001 : Pretoria, South Africa)Paper presented at the 20th Annual South African Transport Conference 16 - 20 July 2001 "Meeting the transport challenges in Southern Africa", CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa. ABSTRACT: Since the demise of apartheid in 1994, the South African Government has started with the process of fundamental restructuring laws regulating the structure, powers and functions of all three spheres of government. Of particular relevance is the restructuring of general planning and transport related legislation culminating in the Development Facilitation Act (1995)and the National Land Transport Transition Act (2000). This paper will review current and proposed future legislation endeavouring to achieve a developmental government within an integrated planning approach. From the Municipal Systems Act (2000), it is clear that government is relying heavily on the new local government structures and particularly the new metropolitan government to achieve sustainable development. To direct and speed up development the national government has embarked upon a number of Spatial Development Initiatives (SDI’s). One of these SDI’s, is the Platinum Toll Highway Project. This project,forms part of the larger Coast-2-Coast SDI – the so-called Maputu-Walvis Bay Corridor. The Platinum Toll Highway or the new national route N4 (west),stretches from Pretoria to the Skilpadhek border post with Botswana to the west of Zeerust. The Toll Highway however, also controversially includes sections of the existing national route N1 from Pretoria to Warmbaths. The Platinum Toll Highway will be assessed against a number of key principles from a planning legal and policy framework and certain conclusions will be drawn from this analysis.Item Towards the introduction of low floor bus technology in South African cities(SATC, 2001-07) Hugo, J.S. (Cobus); Stanbury, J.Paper presented at the 20th Annual South African Transport Conference 16 - 20 July 2001 "Meeting the transport challenges in Southern Africa", CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa. ABSTRACT: The advent of low floor bus technology has raised the profile of the bus mode of public transport throughout the developed world. The fact that people no longer have to negotiate steps when boarding and alighting makes getting on and off the bus easier and quicker for all passengers. It also makes it possible for persons with disabilities to use the mainstream public transport service and since it is accessible to more people, there is the potential for more off-peak trips to be made. Shorter dwell time at stops raises the productivity of staff and equipment and can also lead to a reduction in harmful exhaust emissions. User response to the introduction of low floor buses is overwhelmingly positive and bus services that use these vehicles have the potential to effectively compete with the private car for patronage from non-captive public transport users. Low floor buses are part of an end-to-end service delivery chain,which also includes infrastructure, the ticketing system, information and marketing, driver training as well as traffic management and enforcement. Higher initial capital cost of new buses is offset by higher productivity and lower lifecycle costs. The use of low floor buses has become the norm in the developed world. A demonstration project undertaken in Cape Town has shown that low floor buses can be deployed in South African cities with the same measure of success experienced elsewhere in the world.Item Restructuring of the public transport system in Gauteng through masterplanning and tendered bus contracts(SATC, 2001-07) Britz, C.; Du Plessis, M.Paper presented at the 20th Annual South African Transport Conference 16 - 20 July 2001 "Meeting the transport challenges in Southern Africa", CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa.Item Public transport fares rationalisation for Cape Town(SATC, 2001-07) Botes, F.; Gordge, R.M.; Holtzhausen, L.J.Paper presented at the 20th Annual South African Transport Conference 16 - 20 July 2001 "Meeting the transport challenges in Southern Africa", CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa.Item Catering for the needs of special user groups : choosing policies and counting the costs(SATC, 2001-07) Simmer, C.M.; Roebuck, C.S.Paper presented at the 20th Annual South African Transport Conference 16 - 20 July 2001 "Meeting the transport challenges in Southern Africa", CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa.