Synthesis and dye adsorption dynamics of chitosan-polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) composite

dc.contributor.authorKyomuhimbo, Hilda Dinah
dc.contributor.authorMcHunu, Wandile
dc.contributor.authorArnold, Marco
dc.contributor.authorFeleni, Usisipho
dc.contributor.authorHaneklaus, Nils H.
dc.contributor.authorBrink, Hendrik Gideon
dc.contributor.emaildeon.brink@up.ac.za
dc.date.accessioned2025-05-26T10:38:42Z
dc.date.available2025-05-26T10:38:42Z
dc.date.issued2024-09-10
dc.descriptionDATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT : The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors upon request.
dc.description.abstractOne major environmental issue responsible for water pollution is the presence of dyes in the aquatic environment as a result of human activity, particularly the textile industry. Chitosan–Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) polymer composite beads were synthesized and explored for the adsorption of dyes (Bismarck brown (BB), orange G (OG), brilliant blue G (BBG), and indigo carmine (IC)) from dye solution. The CS-PVPP beads demonstrated high removal efficiency of BB (87%), OG (58%), BBG (42%), and IC (49%). The beads demonstrated a reasonable surface area of 2.203 m2/g and were negatively charged in the applicable operating pH ranges. TGA analysis showed that the polymer composite can withstand decomposition up to 400 °C, proving high stability in harsh conditions. FTIR analysis highlighted the presence of N-H amine, O-H alcohol, and S=O sulfo groups responsible for electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding with the dye molecules. A shift in the FTIR bands was observed on N-H and C-N stretching for the beads after dye adsorption, implying that adsorption was facilitated by hydrogen bonding and Van der Waals forces of attraction between the hydroxyl, amine, and carbonyl groups on the surface of the beads and the dye molecules. An increase in pH increased the adsorption capacity of the beads for BB while decreasing OG, BBG, and IC due to their cationic and anionic nature, respectively. While an increase in temperature did not affect the adsorption capacity of OG and BBG, it significantly improved the removal of BB and IC from the dye solution and the adsorption was thermodynamically favoured, as demonstrated by the negative Gibbs free energy at all temperatures. Adsorption of dye mixtures followed the characteristic adsorption nature of the individual dyes. The beads show great potential for applications in the treatment of dye wastewater.
dc.description.departmentChemical Engineering
dc.description.librarianam2025
dc.description.sdgSDG-06: Clean water and sanitation
dc.description.sdgSDG-12: Responsible consumption and production
dc.description.sponsorshipThe National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa, Margaret McNamara Education grants, and the Schlumberger Foundation Faculty for the Future program. This work was further supported by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research (BMBWF) through Austria’s Agency for Education and Internationalization (OeAD).
dc.description.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/journal/polymers
dc.identifier.citationKyomuhimbo, H.D.; McHunu,W.; Arnold, M.; Feleni, U.; Haneklaus, N.H.; Brink, H.G. Synthesis and Dye Adsorption Dynamics of Chitosan–Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) Composite. Polymers 2024, 16, 2555. https://doi.org/10.3390/ polym16182555.
dc.identifier.issn2073-4360 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.3390/ polym16182555
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/102510
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.rights© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.
dc.subjectChitosan
dc.subjectPolyvinylpolypyrrolidone
dc.subjectDyes
dc.subjectAdsorption
dc.subjectWater pollution
dc.subjectChitosan–polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP)
dc.titleSynthesis and dye adsorption dynamics of chitosan-polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) composite
dc.typeArticle

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