Perceived support needs of novice nurses working in emergency departments of selected public hospitals in Tshwane, South Africa

Abstract

INTRODUCTION : Patients present with diverse healthcare needs in emergency departments, necessitating nurses to have diverse clinical competencies to function effectively. Novice nurses in emergency departments may be ill-equipped to handle responsibilities and workload, necessitating adequate support for a smooth transition. However, providing practical support requires a comprehensive understanding of support needs. METHODS : This descriptive qualitative study investigated the perceived support needs of novice nurses working in emergency departments. Fifteen participants were purposively selected from three selected public hospitals in Tshwane, South Africa. Semi structured, face-to-face interviews were conducted between September and November 2023. The interviews were audio-recorded, and the transcripts were thematically analysed via ATLASti Version 24. RESULTS : Three key themes emerged to support the transition of novice nurses in emergency departments: a dedicated orientation programme, a dedicated preceptor, and a supportive culture to facilitate the transition to emergency departments. A dedicated orientation programme encompasses essential components, including emergency equipment, triage, basic life support skills, admission and treatment protocols, and specific competencies. The participants emphasised the value of dedicated preceptors, trained and experienced professionals who offer guidance, feedback and remedial support. Additionally, the importance of a supportive culture, particularly one that fosters a positive learning environment and provides emotional support to ease the transition process, was highlighted. CONCLUSION : The successful transition of novice nurses in emergency departments is a cost-effective way of improving job satisfaction and retention. However, novice nurses working in emergency departments have diverse support needs. Thus, ensuring a successful transition requires understanding these nurses’ support needs. This study revealed that establishing a structured orientation programme, assigning trained preceptors and fostering a supportive culture are critical in facilitating the successful transition of novice nurses to emergency departments. These strategies can address novice nurses’ support needs by improving competence and patient care outcomes and promoting confidence, emotional well-being, job satisfaction and retention. Realising the support needs of novice nurses may inform the development of evidence-based transition interventions that offer support in specific ED contexts. AFRICAN RELEVANCE • Nurses in emergency departments are often the first to receive patients; hence, support is imperative. • African countries have fewer emergency nurses due to limited training institutions. • The emergency departments of African countries have more novice nurses who need adequate competencies to function effectively in these environments. • This study investigated the support needs of novice nurses in South African emergency departments, which may be relevant to other African countries. • Understanding the needs of novice nurses transitioning to emergency departments may provide hospital authorities with evidence to structure orientation and support programs.