Embodiment in virtual reality : an experiment on how visual and aural first- and third-person modes affect embodiment and mindfulness

dc.contributor.authorBosman, Isak de Villiers
dc.contributor.authorBujic, Mila
dc.contributor.authorCosio, Laura Diana
dc.contributor.author'Oz' Buruk, Oguz
dc.contributor.authorJorgensen, Kristine
dc.contributor.authorHamari, Juho
dc.contributor.emailisak.bosman@up.ac.zaen_US
dc.date.accessioned2025-03-27T08:58:55Z
dc.date.available2025-03-27T08:58:55Z
dc.date.issued2025-03
dc.descriptionDATA AVAILABILITY : Survey data that support the findings of this study have been deposited in the Finnish Social Science Data Archive at https://doi.org/10.60686/t-fsd3893.en_US
dc.description.abstractImmersion as an umbrella experience and embodiment are regarded as primary advantages of virtual reality and its capability to lead to other reflective experiences. Beyond the basis of stereoscopic head-mounted displays, however, there is paucity of research on altered ways of experiencing virtual reality with regards to the possibilities afforded by this medium. To address this gap, we explore the effects of perspective shifts, both in terms of the visual and aural modalities, on embodiment and embodied mindfulness. Using a virtual reality application that administers a body-scan meditation using different visual- and aural perspectives, we investigate the effects these perspectives have on embodiment and embodied mindfulness. Our results indicate that a first-person visual perspective positively influenced a change in perceived body schema, but not in acceptance of virtual body ownership or control/agency of a virtual body, nor do they suggest an effect of audio-based perspective on these outcomes. Investigation into the moderating effects of mindfulness- and immersive tendencies on these factors suggest that participants with low immersive tendencies experienced a greater change in their body schema in the visual first-person condition compared to the third-person condition. A qualitative content analysis on participants’ experiences indicate that few participants were able to express their experience in terms of audio. Our results contribute to the body of work on altered self-representations for mindfulness and extends on this concept with the notion of listening perspective as well as more generally to the design of sound, perspective, and embodiment in virtual reality.en_US
dc.description.departmentInformation Scienceen_US
dc.description.librarianhj2024en_US
dc.description.sdgSDG-09: Industry, innovation and infrastructureen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipA UCDP grant given by the South African Department of Higher Education and Training as well as the Academy of Finland Flagship Programme and the Research Council of Finland. Open access funding provided by Tampere University (including Tampere University Hospital).en_US
dc.description.urihttps://link.springer.com/journal/10055en_US
dc.identifier.citationDe Villiers Bosman, I., Bujić, M., Cosio, L.D. et al. Embodiment in virtual reality: an experiment on how visual and aural First- and Third-person modes affect embodiment and mindfulness. Virtual Reality 29, 49 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-025-01129-w.en_US
dc.identifier.issn1359-4338 (print)
dc.identifier.issn1434-9957 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1007/s10055-025-01129-w
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/101756
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherSpringeren_US
dc.rights© The Author(s) 2025. Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.en_US
dc.subjectVirtual realityen_US
dc.subjectAudioen_US
dc.subjectPerspectivesen_US
dc.subjectThird-personen_US
dc.subjectEmbodimenten_US
dc.subjectMindfulnessen_US
dc.subjectSDG-09: Industry, innovation and infrastructureen_US
dc.titleEmbodiment in virtual reality : an experiment on how visual and aural first- and third-person modes affect embodiment and mindfulnessen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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