Crotalaria species
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Date
Authors
Botha, C.J. (Christoffel Jacobus)
Venter, Elna
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Abstract
DISTRIBUTION:
Usually in grassland. C. dura grows from sea level to 900 m above, while C. globifera can grow up to 1 500 m above sea level.
BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION: General: C. dura and C. globifera are both shrublets with woody rootstocks and annual aerial stems and branches. Leaves: The leaves are trifoliate. Flowers: Terminal yellow inflorescences with pea-like flowers. Fruit: The seeds are carried in pods.
TOXIC PRINCIPLE: The active principles of Crotalaria spp. worldwide are the pyrrolizidine alkaloids (dicrotaline, monocrotaline) mainly responsible for severe liver and/or lung damage in stock.
SYNDROMES: Jaagsiekte.
SYSTEMS AFFECTED: Respiratory system.
CLINICAL SIGNS: “Jaagsiekte” in horses. Fever, polypnoea, dyspnoea, subcutaneous and pulmonary emphysema, interstitial pneumonia and liver fibrosis.
BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION: General: C. dura and C. globifera are both shrublets with woody rootstocks and annual aerial stems and branches. Leaves: The leaves are trifoliate. Flowers: Terminal yellow inflorescences with pea-like flowers. Fruit: The seeds are carried in pods.
TOXIC PRINCIPLE: The active principles of Crotalaria spp. worldwide are the pyrrolizidine alkaloids (dicrotaline, monocrotaline) mainly responsible for severe liver and/or lung damage in stock.
SYNDROMES: Jaagsiekte.
SYSTEMS AFFECTED: Respiratory system.
CLINICAL SIGNS: “Jaagsiekte” in horses. Fever, polypnoea, dyspnoea, subcutaneous and pulmonary emphysema, interstitial pneumonia and liver fibrosis.
Description
Colour photos. Final web-ready size: JPEG. Photo 1: 25.2 kb, 72 ppi; Photo 2: 25.4 kb, 72 ppi; Photo 3: 25.9 kb, 96 ppi; Photo 4: 9.4 kb, 96 ppi; Photo 5: 24.4 kb, 100 ppi. Original TIFF file housed at the Dept. of Paraclinical Sciences, Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Pretoria.
Keywords
Plant poisoning, Toxicology, Plant poisoning in animals, Poisonous plants, Pyrrolizidine alkaloids, Dicrotaline, Monocrotaline
Sustainable Development Goals
Citation
Botha, CJ & Venter, E 2002, 'Plants poisonous to livestock Southern Africa (CD-ROM)' University of Pretoria, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Dept. of Paraclinical Sciences, Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pretoria, South Africa.