Intimate partner controlling behaviour and intimate partner violence among married women in rural areas in South Africa

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BioMed Central

Abstract

BACKGROUND : Violence against women is a critical public health issue, and Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is prevalent globally as its predominant form. Despite extensive research on its prevalence, the connection between IPV and controlling behaviour has not been sufficiently researched, especially within the context of rural living. This study contributes to this gap by assessing the relationship between intimate partner controlling behaviour and IPV among rural dwellers in South Africa. METHODS : The study used the domestic violence module data from the 2016 South Africa Demographic and Health Survey (SADHS). The data were analysed using both descriptive statistics- percentages, mean, and standard deviation- and inferential statistics-logistic regression. RESULTS : The study found intimate partner controlling behaviour as a predictor of IPV among married women residing in rural communities in South Africa. Accusations of infidelity, restrictions on seeing family members, general movement control, and jealousy were the forms of intimate partner controlling behaviour that predicted the occurrence of IPV. CONCLUSION : Intimate partner controlling behaviour is associated with intimate partner violence. Based on this finding, we argue that preventative, and responsive approaches that combine education, awareness raising, pathways to help seeking, women’s personal development and empowerment will have greater benefits in helping to tackle the problem of controlling behaviour and intimate partner violence against rural women in South Africa.

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DATA AVAILABILITY : Data from the 2016 South African Demographic and Health Survey (SADHS) were used in this study; the data are available in the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) programme database (https://dhsprogram.com).

Keywords

Intimate partner violence (IPV), Controlling behaviour, Coercive behaviour, Married, Cohabiting, Rural women, South Africa (SA)

Sustainable Development Goals

SDG-05: Gender equality

Citation

Sulaiman, LR., Ojogiwa, O.T. & Ajayi, C.E. Intimate partner controlling behaviour and intimate partner violence among married women in rural areas in South Africa. BMC Women's Health 25, 199 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-03687-2.