Smoking, alcohol use, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome as risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia

dc.contributor.authorFeldman, Charles
dc.contributor.authorAnderson, Ronald
dc.contributor.emailronald.anderson@up.ac.zaen_US
dc.date.accessioned2025-03-17T07:20:51Z
dc.date.issued2025-03
dc.description.abstractCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP) continues to be a cause of significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Much recent attention in this area of research has been focused on host factors associated with the infection. This article will discuss 4 diverse, yet often coexistent conditions, namely, smoking, excessive alcohol use, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome. While all these conditions can be considered to be largely associated with lifestyle factors, they represent important risk factors for CAP. All can lead to acquired host immune suppression that underlies their risk for the development of severe CAP.en_US
dc.description.departmentImmunologyen_US
dc.description.embargo2026-03-01
dc.description.librarianhj2024en_US
dc.description.sdgSDG-03:Good heatlh and well-beingen_US
dc.description.urihttp://www.journals.elsevier.com/clinics-in-chest-medicineen_US
dc.identifier.citationFeldman, C. & Anderson, R.2025, 'Smoking, alcohol use, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome as risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia', Clinics in Chest Medicine, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 93-104, doi : 10.1016/j.ccm.2024.10.007.en_US
dc.identifier.issn0272-5231 (print)
dc.identifier.issn1557-8216 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1016/j.ccm.2024.10.007
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/101513
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.rights© 2024 All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies. Notice : this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Cities. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. A definitive version was subsequently published in Cities, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 93-104, 2025, doi : 10.1016/j.ccm.2024.10.007.en_US
dc.subjectCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP)en_US
dc.subjectSmokingen_US
dc.subjectExcessive alcohol useen_US
dc.subjectDiabetes mellitusen_US
dc.subjectMetabolic syndrome (MetS)en_US
dc.subjectSDG-03: Good health and well-beingen_US
dc.titleSmoking, alcohol use, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome as risk factors for community-acquired pneumoniaen_US
dc.typePostprint Articleen_US

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